Abstract Breast milk is the best food for the baby and infant formula is an essential food for infants who are deprived of breast milk. There has been a lot of research on the optimization of infant formula that uses different milks. The composition of camel milk is close to human milk and is important in terms of nutritional properties, non-food allergy and medicinal value and therapeutic applications, and this can be an appropriate alternative to cow’s milk in infant formula. In the present study, the effect of replacing cow’s milk with camel’s milk in infant formula was investigated. The number of treatments was determined by using the Mixture Design method and the necessary tests were performed for infant formula and physicochemical and qualitative tests including moisture, dry matter, measurement of color parameters, density, particle size, insoluble index, pH, acidity, total sugar, fat, protein, ash, vitamin C, minerals, aflatoxin M1, wettability acceptable and scorched particles were done. The results showed that adding camel’s milk to cow’s milk could meet 87.3% of our expectations for the production of infant formula from camel’s milk and not have an adverse effect on the physicochemical properties of the formula.

Abstract In this research, the effect of kiwi protein on the physicochemical properties of chicken meat was investigated (Ross breed). Chicken thighs have been marinated in the form of cubes with dimensions of 2 cm in 20 mL of kiwi protein with activity of 0.9 u/mL for 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr, and kept in a refrigerator at 4 ± 1 °C. Then, the enzyme actinidin was inactivated at 60 °C for 10 min, and the samples were evaluated. The results showed that the kiwi protein had a significant effect on the punch force, springiness, and chewiness of the chicken meat samples, and the reduced hardness was due to the activity of photolytic enzymes on myofibrillar proteins, and breaking the connective tissues. Muscle hydrolysis and release of amino acids significantly reduced pH in the treated samples compared to control. The affecting time of the enzyme had a significant effect on the degradation of meat proteins; it increased the solubility and hydrolysis degree, and reduced the average peptide chain length. The marination of chicken in kiwi increased lightness significantly (p < 0.05).